CENTOS6.5安装配置VSFTP虚拟用户权限分配PAM验证
安装VSFTP
yum install vsftpd
安装PAM服务
yum install pam
安装DB4部件包
yum install db4
建立Vsftpd服务的宿主用户
useradd vsftpd -s /sbin/nologin
建立Vsftpd虚拟宿主用户
useradd virtusers -s /sbin/nologin
备份编辑Vsftp配置文件
cp /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf.bak
nano /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
配置文件vsftpd.conf内容
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
anon_mkdir_write_enable=NO
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file.
# This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
chown_uploads=NO
#chown_username=whoever
#
# The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES
# WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log
xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files.
# NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
nopriv_user=vsftpd
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
ascii_upload_enable=YES
ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
ftpd_banner=Welcome to RainMan FTP service ^_^
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
chroot_local_user=YES
chroot_list_enable=NO
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
ls_recurse_enable=NO
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=YES
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
#listen_ipv6=YESpam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YESguest_enable=YES
guest_username=virtusers
virtual_use_local_privs=YES
user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd/vconf
建立Vsftpd的日志文件，并更该属主为Vsftpd的服务宿主用户（这一步可以放在修改配置表前面）
touch /var/log/vsftpd.log
chown vsftpd.vsftpd /var/log/vsftpd.log
建立虚拟用户配置文件存放路径
mkdir /etc/vsftpd/vconf/
制作虚拟用户数据库文件
touch /etc/vsftpd/virtusers
编辑虚拟用户名单文件
nano /etc/vsftpd/virtusers
输入内容奇数行用户名，偶数行密码
username
123456
生成虚拟用户数据文件
db_load -T -t hash -f /etc/vsftpd/virtusers /etc/vsftpd/virtusers.db
查看生成的虚拟用户数据文件
ll /etc/vsftpd/virtusers.db
备份编辑Vsftp的PAM验证配置文件
cp /etc/pam.d/vsftpd /etc/pam.d/vsftpd.backup
nano /etc/pam.d/vsftpd
把原内容用#注释了，增加2行内容
auth required /lib64/security/pam_userdb.so db=/etc/vsftpd/virtusers
account required /lib64/security/pam_userdb.so db=/etc/vsftpd/virtusers
建立虚拟用户的主路径
mkdir /home/ftp/
建立测试用户的FTP用户目录
mkdir /home/ftp/userfile
创建虚拟用户配置文件(文件名和要用户名相同)
nano /etc/vsftpd/vconf/username
虚拟用户username配置文件模板(使用时删除#和汉字说明)
local_root=/home/ftp/userfile #虚拟用户路径
idle_session_timeout=600
data_connection_timeout=120
max_clients=10
max_per_ip=5
local_max_rate=50000
local_umask=022
cmds_allowed=ABOR,CWD,LIST,MDTM,PASS,PASV,PORT,PWD,QUIT,RETR,SITE,SIZE,STOR,TYPE,USER,ACCT,APPE,CDUP,HELP,MODE,NOOP,REIN,STAT,STOU,STRU,SYST #只能上传和下载,不能删除、建立目录、重命名
#cmds_allowed=ABOR,CWD,LIST,MKD,MDTM,PASS,PASV,PORT,PWD,QUIT,RETR,SITE,SIZE,STOR,TYPE,USER,ACCT,APPE,CDUP,HELP,MODE,NOOP,REIN,STAT,STOU,STRU,SYST,RNFR,RNTO,RMD,DELE #能上传、下载、删除、建立目录、重命名
更改虚拟用户的主目录的属主为虚拟宿主用户
chown -R virtusers.virtusers /home/ftp
查看权限
ll /home/ftp
启动VSFTP服务
service vsftpd start
chkconfig vsftpd on
chkconfig --list vsftpd
新加FTP用户
nano /etc/vsftpd/virtusers
db_load -T -t hash -f /etc/vsftpd/virtusers /etc/vsftpd/virtusers.db
回看之前步骤配置文件
service vsftpd restart
虚拟用户权限说明参照表
ABOR - abort a file transfer 关闭一个文件的传输
CWD - change working directory 改变目录
DELE - delete a remote file 删除远端文件（即ftp服务器上的文件）
LIST - list remote files 显示出远端文件
MDTM - return the modification time of a file 返回一个文件的改变时间
MKD - make a remote directory 创建远端目录
NLST - name list of remote directory 远端目录名称列表
PASS - send password 发送密码
PASV - enter passive mode 被动模式
PORT - open a data port 打开数据端口
PWD - print working directory 显示路径
QUIT - terminate the connection 中断连接，退出服务器
RETR - retrieve a remote file 恢复一个远端文件
RMD - remove a remote directory 删除远端目录
RNFR - rename from 重命名到
RNTO - rename to 给...重命名
SITE - site-specific commands
SIZE - return the size of a file 返回文件大小
STOR - store a file on the remote host 在远端主机存储一个文件
TYPE - set transfer type 改变传输类型（acsii，bin）
USER - send username 发送用户名
还没有人抢沙发呢~